The Routes Not Taken Page 38
airports, 232
AirTrain, 227
Alburtis Avenue, 63, 67
Allied Civic Associations of Old Eastchester, 187, 191, 195, 196
meetings and other contacts with elected officials and agencies, 169, 173, 184, 188
opposition to highway plans, 173, 180, 183–184, 196
public meetings, 105, 107, 170, 175, 180, 184–185
statements favoring Burke Avenue Line Proposals, 103–104
support for connecting New York, Westchester and Boston Railway with subway system, 108, 179, 180, 181–182, 184–185, 189–190
Allied Subway Association, 113
Allied Subway Campaign, 18–19
Allied Taxpayers Association, 116
Amalgamated Clothing Workers Union, 76
Amalgamated Houses, 76–77
Amato, Dominic, 169
American Society of Civil Engineers, 155
American Society of Italian Descendents, 186
Amity Street, 67, 73
discussion of subway or elevated line along street, 51–52, 53, 54, 56–57, 58, 59, 65
widening street to accommodate subway, 49–50, 51, 61
Amtrak, 254
Andrews, Frank E., 55
Annadale, 121
Archer Avenue line, 16, 147, 253, 262
Art Deco architecture, 77
Arthur Kill Bridge, 122
Ashland Place Connection, 137, 138–139, 140
assessment plans to finance subway construction, 112–113, 114, 116, 117, 118
Astoria, 43
Astoria line, 20, 36, 67, 73, 207
Auburndale, 60
Avenue S, 119
Avenue U, 119
Baldwin, Joseph Clark, 177
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O), 122, 127, 238
Barnes, Robert L., 215
Bassett, Edward M., 48, 53
Battery, The, 159
Battery Park, 156
Bay Ridge, 43
Bayonne Bridge, 164
Bayside, 53, 55, 56, 59, 61, 68
Bayside Boulevard, 56, 60
Bayside Civic Association, 56, 58
Beach, Clarence, 81–82
Beame, Abraham D., 213, 219, 224, 233, 244, 255
Beard, Daniel Carter, 52, 56, 276
Bedford, 30, 36
Bedford-Stuyvesant, 28
Belford, Rev. John F., 32
Belmont, August, 276
Belmont Racetrack, 247
Belt Subway Plan, 81
Bensonhurst, 109
Bergenline Avenue, 159
Berry, Charles, 93, 95
Bethlehem Steel, 207–208
“Better Rapid Transit for New York City,” 247
Billingsley, Logan, 83, 87
Bingham, Sidney, 211, 212, 213, 230, 236, 237, 239
appointment as Board of Transportation Chairman, 293
Blackwell’s Island (Queensboro) Bridge, 28
Bloomberg, Michael R., 74
Bloomingdale, Samuel J., 202, 203–204
Bloustein, Francis J., 248
Boerum Avenue, 51
Boston Road, 93, 97, 98, 196, 256
proposals to build subway along, 76, 78, 82, 83
proposed routing of Concourse line extension (Burke Avenue line) along, 82, 83, 87, 103, 104
Boston Road line (Second Avenue line extension), 84, 86, 87, 89, 93, 101, 203
Boston Road Subway Committee, 100, 101, 103
Boulevard Subway Plan, 134, 164
Bravin, Hyman, 195, 198, 234–235
Breinlinger’s Hall, 105, 170, 180, 184, 282
Brighton Beach line, 28, 36, 110, 125, 137, 138, 159, 216
Brinckerhoff, Henry M., 155–156, 157–158, 160, 163, 262
Britton, Lillian, 175, 195
Broadway (Manhattan), 114, 163
Broadway (Northeast Queens), 50
Broadway line, 43, 75, 201, 216, 249, 290
Broadway-Brooklyn line, 216
Broadway-Lafayette Avenue line, 152
Broadway-Lexington Avenue line, 2, 200
Bronk, Detlev, 249
Bronx, 73, 178, 179, 206, 232
demolition of 3rd Avenue El, 215
efforts to establish free transfers between the Dyre Avenue and White Plains Road lines, 196
growth of residential communities, 76, 77
impact of New York, Westchester and Boston Railway closure on, 106
impact of subway construction on, 53, 75
opposition to new elevated lines, 204
postwar efforts to build public housing, 195
proposals for additional subway lines, 54, 78–79, 81, 202, 203, 209, 210–211, 245
proposals for Bronx Airport, 77–78
proposal for Bronx highway, 106
proposals for New York, Westchester and Boston Railway tracks in, 184
Bronx and Pelham Parkway (Pelham Parkway), 76
Bronx Board of Trade, 187, 228
meeting with the Board of Transportation about the Concourse line, 80–81
proposals for new subway lines, 75–76, 77
support for Burke Avenue line, 176
support for construction of Empire City Racetrack, 233–234
support for demolition of the 3rd Avenue El, 214–215
support for New York, Westchester and Boston Railway purchase, 186
Bronx Chamber of Commerce, 77, 80, 82, 83, 88, 97, 187, 206, 207, 234
Bronx Civic Congress, 98, 99
Bronx Combined Civic Organization, 80
Bronx Express Truck Highway Plan, 107, 167, 172, 173, 179, 184, 195, 196
Bronx Home News, 102, 146, 147, 169, 171, 194
absorbed by New York Post, 293
article chronicling efforts to build the Burke Avenue line, 228
discussion of impact of subway construction on the borough, 75
editorial criticizing plans for new elevated lines, 86–87
editorial criticizing results of elected officials’ meeting with Board of Transportation, 79
editorial suggesting route other than Burke Avenue for the Concourse line extension, 86
editorial supporting additional purchase of New York, Westchester and Boston Railway trackage, 193
editorial supporting initial plans for Second Avenue line, 84
editorials supporting the Burke Avenue Line, 95, 97, 184
support for Giraud-Welsch Plan, 77
Bronx Industrial Exposition, 76
Bronx Joint Committee, 198
Bronx Park, 82, 86, 169
Bronx Park East, 77
Bronx Park viaduct, 100, 101
Bronx Real Estate Board, 80, 89–90, 234
Bronx Ridge Civic Association, 83
Bronx Taxpayers Association, 80
Brook Avenue, 86
Brooklyn, 113, 133, 174, 178, 211, 256
advertisements referring to construction of subway tunnel between Brooklyn and Staten Island, 121
discussion of need to build original elevated lines, 23–24
impact of construction of Myrtle Avenue El on borough, 51–52
need for subway construction to match population growth, 159–160
“open cut” subway construction in borough, 154
opposition to construction of new elevated lines, 119, 204
plans for construction of subway lines in borough, 110
plans to build subway tunnel between Brooklyn and Staten Island, 124, 125, 131, 134
reaction in borough to plan for Queens trunk line, 243
2nd Avenue Line service to Brooklyn, 211
support in borough for Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown line, 41
Brooklyn Bridge, 20, 24
Brooklyn Board of Aldermen 24, 27
Brooklyn Botanic Gardens, 32
Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce, 39, 40, 126, 160
Brooklyn Civic Council, 142, 243
Brooklyn College, 136
Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 40, 42, 111, 112, 114, 122, 147
ar
ticle on stoppage of construction of Brooklyn Bridge and Nassau Street lines, 148
criticism by Mayor Hylan, 39
criticism of Mayor Hylan, 257
discussion of long-range plans for the Fulton Street Subway, 143
editorial on Brooklyn’s transit needs, 23
investigation of use of 6th Avenue El’s structural steel, 207–208
Brooklyn Daily Standard Union, 113
Brooklyn Daily Times, 30, 113, 114
Brooklyn Development Corporation, 109
Brooklyn Eagle. See also Brooklyn Daily Eagle
Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Company (BMT), 38, 139, 215, 235, 245
extension to New Jersey, 159–169
Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown Line, 28, 47, 140
approval of line by Board of Estimate, 38, 39–40, 41
consideration of assessment plan, 118
discussion of extensions, 43, 44
impact of Guider plan, 40–41, 241
intersection with South 4th Street/South Queens Crosstown Line, 11, 14, 42
issues impeding construction of line, 36–37, 39–40
opening of line, 23
proposals for extensions into Queens, 29–30, 241
reaction to approval in Brooklyn, 41
Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT), 28, 34, 37, 38, 66, 150
advertising campaign for Crosstown line, 29–31, 33, 34
competition with IRT to build new lines, 4, 150
early elevated lines, 23
expansion of system, 110, 125, 137, 153
financial problems, 139
issues with Mayor Hylan, 257, 260
“open cut” subway construction, 154
plans for Ashland Place connection, 138–139
plans for Crosstown Elevated line, 28, 29–30, 34
plans to connect Nassau Street line with lines crossing the Brooklyn Bridge, 137–140
Brooklyn Superbas/Dodgers, 32
Brooklyn Union Elevated Railroad Company, 25, 26
Brown, Lawson H., 160
Bruckner, Henry, 78, 80, 82, 83, 84, 89, 92, 96
Burke, James A., 72, 207, 208, 277
Burke, James Masterson, 75
Burke Avenue, 194, 216, 243, 256
Burke Avenue–Eastchester Road Association, 175
Burke Avenue Line, 19, 90, 95, 106, 146, 147, 233, 254, 256
comparison with connection with the New York, Westchester and Boston Railway, 181, 190, 191
concern over construction delays, 185, 187
construction schedule, 181
debates over plans, 103, 105
discussion of line at Board of Estimate, 98–99, 100–101, 102–103, 104, 105, 179, 192, 197
discussion of line at New York City Council, 177–178, 192
discussion of line at New York City Planning Commission, 195, 197
discussion of line in postwar era, 228–229
discussion of line with Board of Transportation, 99–100, 181, 184, 197, 198, 228–229
Ehrhart Plan, 99, 100–101, 103, 105
engineering work, 169, 171, 181
funding by Board of Estimate, 179
funding issues, 174, 176, 178, 179
funding used to purchase New York, Westchester and Boston Railway tracks, 193
impact of New York, Westchester and Boston Railway purchase on Burke Avenue line, 193–194
inclusion in 1929 Board of Transportation plan, 86
inclusion in 1932 Board of Transportation plan, 93
inclusion of line in “New Routes” plan, 253
issue in 1949 mayoral elections, 234–235
land purchases in anticipation of, 83–86, 256
opening of field office, 169
“or other suitable facilities,” 188, 189, 191, 192
petition drive for line, 179
plans for Line, 82, 100, 185
project costs, 188
public hearings on 1929 proposal, 89
rallies for line, 103, 175, 184, 186–187, 189
service to Hillside housing project, 97–98
Burke Avenue Property Owners and Businessmen’s Association, 186, 188, 191, 193, 194, 195
Burke Avenue Subway Extension Committee, 185, 187, 234–235
Burke Foundation, Winifred Masterson, 75
Burlingame, Alvah H., Jr., 116
Bushwick, 26, 118, 257
Byrne, James J., 40, 118
Cadman, Rev. S. Parkes, 30–31, 34, 274
Cambria Heights, 13
Campbell, Felix, 23
Campbell, John L., 118
Carey, William F., 92
Cariello, Mario J., 248
Carpenter, Herbert L., 142, 143
Carswell, William B. 34
Carswell-Kornobis Legislation, 35
Casey, Hugh J., 214, 215, 239, 240, 294
Cashmore, John J., 143, 208, 231, 237, 238, 243
Cavanaugh, Emil J., 83, 188, 189
Central Avenue, 52
Central Chester Civic Association, 83
Central Congregational Church, 30
Central Park, 246
Central Railroad of New Jersey, 159
Chamber of Commerce of the Rockaways, 235, 237
Chapin, Alfred C., 24, 26
Chester Civic Association, 83, 188
Chrystie Street Line, 215, 216, 219
Church of the Blessed Nativity, 190
Church of the Nativity, 32
Church, Stanley, 196
Cincinnati, 109
Circumferential (Belt) Parkway, 174, 175, 178
Citizens Association of Richmond Borough, 122
Citizens Budget Commission, 249
Citizens Union, 129
City Club, 94, 152
City Planning, Department of, 222
City Planning Commission, 148, 256, 259
1939 Capital Budget, 174, 176, 178, 188
1941 Capital Budget, 194
1942 Capital Budget, 197
1948 Capital Budget, 230, 231
1953 Capital Budget, 238
1963–1964 Capital Budget, 246–247
plan for 2nd Avenue line station entrances, 222
plans for transit system expansion, 247–248, 250, 253
City Island, 80
City Record, The, 71
Claflin Estate, 89
Clancy, John T., 244, 245
Clason Point, 84
Cohen, Alexander Nobler, 208
Cohen, Louis, 197, 209
Cokeley, William A., 80, 83
Coler, Bird S., 122–123
proposal for Bronx-Brooklyn line, 2
College Point, 44, 55, 59, 60, 63, 72
College Point Boulevard, 61
College Point Committee, 65
College Point Taxpayers Association, 58
Commerce and Industry Association of New York, 227
Committee on the Regional Plan of New York and Its Environs, 167
Community Council of New York, 195
Concourse Plaza Hotel, 80, 96
Concourse line, 19, 108, 194
calls for second express track, 80–81
extension to Northeast Bronx, 191, 197, 198, 203, 228–229, 235, 262
inclusion in “New Routes” plan, 253
opening of line, 96
plans for first phase, 76, 79, 84
plans for second phase, 82–83, 87, 90, 97, 187
progress of work on first phase, 82, 87, 93, 95
proposals for Branch lines, 78, 83
Coney Island, 119
Congress of Industrial Organizations, 237
Connor Street, 196
Connolly, Maurice E.:
at groundbreaking for the Roosevelt Avenue Bridge, 71
opposition to Brooklyn–Queens Crosstown line plan, 39
participation sought in Flushing line discussions, 51
support for building Narrows Tunnel for passenger and freight use, 126
support for Flushing line–Port Washington line linkag
e, 63, 64, 69, 70, 71
support for Mayor Hylan’s re-election, 132
supports construction of a subway through Flushing, 56–57, 58, 59–60
Consumers Park, 32
Contract No. 3, 70
Conway, E. Virgil, 224
Co-op City, 92, 216, 235, 254
Corona, 47, 56, 63, 64, 73
Corona Subway Yard, 71
Coulter, Elmer Dean, 75
Coutert, Frederic Rene, 208
Coverdale and Colpitts Study, 217, 251
Craig, Charles L., 118, 126
Craven, Alfred, 66–67
Crawford Estate, 89
Cromwell, George, 4, 50, 123–124, 125
Cross Bronx Expressway, 195
Cross–Queens line, 249
Crosstown Elevated line, 24, 25–26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 33
Crosstown Rapid Transit Committee of Brooklyn and Queens, 29
Crosstown Subway League, 35
Crowded Years, 149
Crown Heights, 118
Crumm, Allyn S., 119
Culver line, 16, 19, 40, 43, 110, 261
cummings, e.e., 208
Cunningham, W. Arthur, 15–16
Curley, Frank, 126
Curran, Henry, 173, 175
Curtiss Airport, 83, 84, 99, 232, 233, 234
Curtiss Airport Corporation, 89, 92
Curtiss-Wright Corporation, 83, 203, 216
Cuthell, Charles W., 83–84
Dahl, Gerhard, 257
Daly, William Jerome, 82, 209
Dansky, James W., 160
Davies, J. Clarence, 75
Davis, John Sherlock, 126
Day, Joseph P., 75, 80, 87, 89, 91, 99, 206, 260
DeCastro and Donner Sugar Refining Company, 27
Deegan, William F., 77, 80, 280
“deep tunnel” construction, 158, 162, 218, 244
Deering, James A., 175, 177, 184, 187, 188
“deferred maintenance,” 244
DeKalb Avenue interchange project, 216, 235 238, 243
DeWitt, W.C., 24
DeWitt Clinton High School, Parent-Teachers Association, 100
Degnon Construction Company, 64, 66
Delaney, John H., 6, 39, 71, 88, 173, 185, 258, 259, 260
Ashland Place connection, 138–139
at Concourse line ceremonies, 96
discussion of Board of Estimate role in transit planning, 104
discussion of Board of Transportation budget constraints, 16–18
discussion of Burke Avenue line issues, 98–99, 100, 181, 198, 216
discussion of Ehrhart Plan, 103
discussion of Flushing line construction issues, 72
discussion of plan for Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown line, 40–41
discussion of purchasing New York, Westchester and Boston Railway tracks, 186, 187, 191, 192
discussion of sale of structural steel from 6th Avenue El, 207
discussion of Utica Avenue line, 119
East Side trunk line, 202, 203
end of term in office, 20, 211